A quotation is the repetition of a sentence, phrase, or passage from speech or text that someone has said or written. In oral speech, it is the representation of an utterance (i.e., of something that a speaker actually said) introduced by a quotative marker, such as a verb of saying. For example, John said: "I saw Mary today." Quotations in oral speech are also signaled by special prosody in addition to quotative markers. In written text, quotations are signaled by quotation marks. Quotations are also used to present well-known statement parts that are explicitly attributed by citation to their source; such statements are marked with (punctuated with) quotation marks.
 

English Grammar Terms III

In linguistics, the grammar of a natural language is its set of structural constraints on speakers 'or writers' composition of clauses, phrases, and words. The term can also refer to the study of such constraints, a field that includes domains such as phonology, morphology, and syntax, often complemented by phonetics, semantics, and pragmatics. There are currently two different approaches to the study of grammar, traditional grammar and theoretical grammar.